Present perfect tense

Present perfect tense is used to express actions that were started in the past but are still in the present. for example. I have known four countries so far. In this sentence you are talking about something that was done once but has not finished happen since there is still the possibility that the subject knows more countries. In English the present perfect is structured as in Spanish, the subject first goes after the auxiliary verb "to have" (have) followed by the past participle of the main verb. Subject + auxiliary verb + past participle + complement example: I read seven books in English she was twice champion Athletics them they have studied for the exam Present perfect tense TOPIC: THE PRESENT PERFECT